The bill now before Congress has for its object the withdrawal from settlement, occupancy, or sale, under the laws of the United States, a tract of land fifty-five by sixty-five miles, about the sources of the Yellowstone and Missouri Rivers; and dedicates and sets it apart as a great national park or pleasure-ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people.  The entire area comprised within the limits of the reservation contemplated in this bill is not susceptible of cultivation with any degree of certainty, and the winters would be too severe for stock-raising.  Whenever the altitude of the mountain districts exceeds 6,000 feet above tide-water, their settlement becomes problematical unless there are valuable mines to attract people.  The entire area within the limits of the proposed reservation is over 6,000 feet in altitude, and the Yellowstone Lake, which occupies an area 15 by 22 miles, or 330 square miles, is 7,427 feet.  The ranges of mountains that hem the valleys in on every side rise to the height of 10,000 and 12,000 feet, and are covered with snow all the year.  These mountains are all of volcanic origin, and it is not probable that any mines or minerals of value will ever be found there.  During the months of June, July, and August, the climate is pure and most invigorating, with scarcely and rain or storms of any kind; but the thermometer frequently sinks as low as 26 degrees.  There is frost every month of the year.  This whole region was in comparatively modern geological times the scene of the most wonderful volcanic activity of any portion of our country.  The hot springs and the geysers represent the last stages--the vents or escape pipes--of these remarkable volcanic manifestations of the internal forces.  All these springs are adorned with decorations more beautiful than human art ever conceived, and which have required thousands of years for the cunning hand of nature to form.  Persons are now waiting for the spring to open to enter in and take possession of these remarkable curiosities, to make merchandise of these beautiful specimens, to fence in these rare wonders so as to charge visitors a fee, as is now done at Niagara Falls, for the sight of that which ought to be as free as the air or water.
    In a few years this region will be a place of resort for all classes of people from all portions of the world.  The geysers of Iceland, which have been objects of interest for the scientific men and travelers of the entire world, sink into insignificance in comparison with the hot springs of the Yellowstone and Fire-Hole Basins.  As a place of resort for invalids it will not be excelled by any portion of the world.  If this bill fails to become a law this session, the vandals who are now waiting to enter into this wonderland will, in a single season despoil, beyond recovery, these remarkable curiosities which have required all the cunning skill of nature thousands of years to prepare.
    We have already shown that no portion of this tract can ever be made available for agricultural or mining purposes.  Even if the altitude and the climate would permit the country to be made available, not over fifty square miles of the entire area could ever be settled.  The valleys are all narrow, hemmed in by high volcanic mountains like gigantic walls.
    The withdrawal of this tract, therefore, from sale or settlement takes nothing from the value of the public domain, and is no pecuniary loss to the Government, but will be regarded by the entire civilized world as a step of progress and an honor to Congress and the nation.

                                                                                                                                    DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Washington, D. C., January 29, 1872
    SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your communication of the 27th instant, relative to the bill now pending in the House of Representatives dedicating that tract of country known as the Yellowstone Valley as a national park.
    I hand you herewith the report of Dr. F. V. Hayden, United States geologist, relative to said proposed reservation, and have only to add that I fully concur in his recommendations, and trust that the bill referred to may speedily become a law.
            Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
 

C. DELANO,
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Secretary.
    Hon. M. H. DUNNELL,
                    House of Representatives.

    The committee therefore recommend the passage of the bill without amendment.

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